Which term describes California Common (steam beer)?

California Common, often referred to as steam beer, is characterized as a hybrid beer that uses lager yeast but is fermented at warmer temperatures typical of ale fermentation. This unique fermentation method leads to the production of distinct flavors and aromas, resulting in a beer that possesses qualities of both lager and ale.

The fermentation temperature is crucial because it allows the lager yeast to produce certain esters and flavors that would not typically emerge when fermented at cooler temperatures. This produces a beer that is more accessible and flavorful than traditional lagers, bridging the gap between ale and lager styles. By using bottom-fermenting yeast at higher temperatures, this style achieves a balance that gives it a unique place in the broader beer landscape.

The other options do not accurately capture the defining characteristics of California Common. For instance, while it does utilize ale yeast, it is not brewed solely with it and thus does not fit the complete profile. The style is not specifically known for its extensive fruity hop flavors nor is it exclusively characterized by a strong caramel malt profile, which can be found in various styles of beers but is not the defining trait of California Common.