What are the two systems in our olfactory system?

The correct choice identifies the two main pathways in the olfactory system as ortho-nasal and retro-nasal.

The orthonasal pathway involves detecting scents through the nostrils when we inhale through the nose, which is the primary route for perceiving aroma from the environment. This pathway is crucial for distinguishing a vast array of scents, including those found in food, beverages, and other substances in our surroundings.

On the other hand, the retronasal pathway is activated during eating and drinking when aromas from food travel from the mouth to the nasal cavity. This aspect is particularly significant for the experience of flavor, as the complex interactions between taste and smell contribute to the overall perception of what we consume.

Understanding these pathways is vital for appreciating how aromas enhance our taste experiences and how they can influence our perceptions in various contexts, such as beer tasting or food pairing. The ortho-nasal and retro-nasal systems work together to create a comprehensive sensory experience, with each having distinct roles in how we interpret and enjoy flavors.