For pitching dry yeast, what temperature range should the water be?

When pitching dry yeast, the water temperature should ideally be in the range of 77-85°F. This temperature range is optimal because it creates an environment that allows the yeast to rehydrate and begin fermentation effectively. At this temperature, yeast cells can properly absorb water, swell, and prepare for active fermentation without being subjected to the stress that can occur at higher temperatures.

If the water temperature is too low, yeast can be sluggish to react, resulting in a slower fermentation start. Conversely, if the temperature is too high, there is a risk of damaging the yeast cells, leading to reduced viability and fermentation issues. This ensures that the yeast has the best chance to start fermenting the wort vigorously and efficiently, contributing to a healthy fermentation process.